para-Fluoronitrobenzene 4-Fluoronitrobenzene · CAS 350-46-9

What is para-Fluoronitrobenzene?

para-Fluoronitrobenzene (4-Fluoronitrobenzene) is a benzene ring carrying a fluorine and a nitro group directly across from each other, formula C₆H₄FNO₂. At room temperature it is a deep greenish-yellow liquid.

Its value as an intermediate comes from the fluorine's exceptional reactivity in nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) when activated by the para-nitro group — the fluorine leaves far more readily than chlorine or bromine would under the same conditions, making this compound a preferred electrophile for building aryl ether, aryl amine and other C–N/C–O linkages in pharmaceutical and agrochemical synthesis.

Commercially it is produced by nitration of fluorobenzene under controlled conditions, with isomer control maintained to separate it from the ortho- and meta-fluoronitrobenzene co-products.

It ships under Class 6.1 (toxic liquid) rules given its acute toxicity profile — handling follows standard precautions for a toxic nitroaromatic liquid.

Why para-Fluoronitrobenzene specifically

• An exceptional SNAr electrophile. The nitro-activated fluorine undergoes nucleophilic displacement far more readily than the corresponding chloro- or bromo-nitrobenzenes.
• A key pharmaceutical intermediate. Widely used to introduce aryl ether or aryl amine linkages in active-pharmaceutical-ingredient synthesis.
• An agrochemical building block. Used in selected crop-protection intermediate syntheses that exploit the same SNAr reactivity.
• The specific substitution pattern needed. The para- arrangement is distinct from the ortho- and meta-fluoronitrobenzene isomers, and routes built around it need this isomer specifically.

How para-Fluoronitrobenzene is Manufactured

para-Fluoronitrobenzene is made through a controlled nitration sequence starting from fluorobenzene, so supply tracks installed fluorobenzene nitration capacity rather than a generic aromatics feedstock stream.

• Nitration of fluorobenzene. Controlled nitration introduces the nitro group predominantly at the para-position relative to the fluorine.
• Isomer separation. The para-isomer is separated from the ortho- and meta-fluoronitrobenzene co-products by distillation or crystallisation.
• Purification. The separated fraction is purified to the target purity, typically 98% or better.
• Quality release. Assay and colour are confirmed against specification before the batch is released.
• Finishing and packing. The liquid is packed into drums or IBCs appropriate to the order quantity.

Typical Commercial Specification

Figures below are representative of commercial-grade para-fluoronitrobenzene. Tell us your downstream route and the grade you need, and we will advise on the specification to order against.

Physical & Chemical Properties

Behaviour in the process

para-Fluoronitrobenzene's reactivity pattern is what pharmaceutical and agrochemical producers are buying:

• Nucleophilic aromatic substitution. The fluorine, strongly activated by the para-nitro group, is readily displaced by amine, alkoxide and other nucleophiles — far more readily than the corresponding chloro-analogue.
• Catalytic reduction. The nitro group can also be reduced to the corresponding 4-fluoroaniline under standard hydrogenation conditions.
• Thermal and chemical stability. Stable under normal storage; reacts with strong reducing agents and strong bases.
• Melting point near room temperature. At about 21 °C, the material may partially solidify in cooler storage or transport conditions — warm gently before handling if this occurs.

para-Fluoronitrobenzene and Related Fluoronitrobenzenes

para-Fluoronitrobenzene is one of three fluoronitrobenzene isomers, and the choice between them depends entirely on the substitution pattern the target synthesis needs.

Stated plainly: the choice of fluoronitrobenzene isomer is dictated by the target molecule's exact substitution pattern and the number of activated leaving groups the route requires.

Industries We Supply para-Fluoronitrobenzene To

The same fluoronitrobenzene feeds a pharmaceutical intermediate manufacturer and an agrochemical producer. What changes is the downstream SNAr or reduction chemistry and the documentation each requires.

Where para-Fluoronitrobenzene is Used

In SNAr chemistry

para-Fluoronitrobenzene is prized specifically because the fluorine, while normally a poor leaving group in aliphatic chemistry, becomes an excellent leaving group in nucleophilic aromatic substitution when activated by a para- (or ortho-) nitro group. Nucleophiles such as amines, alkoxides and thiols displace the fluorine under comparatively mild conditions, which is why this compound is the preferred electrophile over the corresponding chloro- or bromo-nitrobenzene in many pharmaceutical routes.

Quality Control & Testing

Every lot is released against a batch-specific Certificate of Analysis, with isomer purity and colour grade reported alongside the main assay because both affect downstream SNAr performance.

• para-Fluoronitrobenzene content — by GC assay, the primary grade measure.
• Isomer purity — ortho- and meta-fluoronitrobenzene carryover, reported because it affects downstream reaction selectivity.
• Moisture content — measured because moisture can affect downstream reaction yield.

Common Process Problems & Likely Causes

Packaging, Storage & Shipping

• Standard packing. Drums or IBCs sized to the order quantity, with bulk tanker options on contract supply.
• Moisture protection. Keep sealed and protected from moisture ingress during storage.
• Temperature control. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area; note the melting point of about 21 °C means the material may partially solidify in cooler conditions — this does not affect quality, but re-homogenise before use.
• Material compatibility. Avoid contact with strong reducing agents and strong bases.
• Transport classification. UN 2811, Toxic solid/liquid, organic, n.o.s. pattern, Class 6.1, Packing Group III. ADR, IMDG, IATA and DOT requirements apply to packing, labelling and routing.

Hazards & Safe Handling

para-Fluoronitrobenzene is toxic if inhaled and harmful if swallowed or in contact with skin, and is suspected of causing organ damage through prolonged or repeated exposure. Standard precautions for a toxic nitroaromatic liquid and good laboratory and plant practice apply throughout handling.

• Skin and eye contact. Chemical-resistant gloves and goggles are mandatory; rinse thoroughly with water on contact.
• Inhalation. Use adequate ventilation; avoid breathing vapour given the acute inhalation toxicity classification.
• Repeated-exposure risk. Suspected of causing organ damage through prolonged or repeated exposure; minimise exposure and follow your facility's controls.
• PPE. Chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles and, where ventilation is limited, a suitable respirator.

Regulatory & Compliance Notes

para-Fluoronitrobenzene is a registered specialty fluoronitroaromatic shipped under Class 6.1 toxic-liquid rules. Because obligations differ by territory and use, the notes below are orientation rather than legal advice.

• GHS classification. Classified as toxic by inhalation, harmful if swallowed or by skin contact, and suspected of causing organ damage through repeated exposure; the SDS carries the full hazard statements for your grade.
• REACH and chemical inventories. Registered under EU REACH and listed on major chemical inventories.
• Dangerous goods transport. UN 2811, Class 6.1, Packing Group III. ADR, IMDG, IATA and DOT requirements apply to packing, labelling and routing.
• HS code. Commonly declared under the nitro-compound derivatives heading; confirm the exact tariff line with your customs broker for your jurisdiction.
• Quality agreements. Pharma and agro producers commonly expect documented purity, isomer purity and change control. Tell us what your agreement requires.

We Supply para-Fluoronitrobenzene Worldwide

Chelora Chemicals is a supplier and export partner, not a single-plant trader. We ship para-Fluoronitrobenzene from India and from partner sources to customers across Asia, Europe, the Middle East, Africa, and North and South America, handling the export documentation and freight so the material arrives ready to use.

• Incoterms. EXW, FOB, CIF, CFR and DAP quoted to suit your purchasing terms and freight arrangements.
• Ports. Regular shipments through Nhava Sheva (JNPT) and Mundra, with other ports arranged as routing allows.
• Documentation. Commercial invoice, packing list, certificate of origin, COA and SDS issued as a complete set.
• Flexible volumes. From trial quantities up to repeat bulk shipments on a supply contract.

Buying para-Fluoronitrobenzene from Chelora

We are an independent sourcing and supply partner. For this product that means settling three things at enquiry: the purity and isomer-purity grade your application needs, the packing format, and the quantity you are buying.

• Documentation on every lot. Batch-specific COA with assay, isomer breakdown and moisture, plus the current SDS.
• Analysis before commitment. Representative analysis shared ahead of a commercial order so your lab can qualify the material.
• Quantities. Trial quantities through to larger bulk shipments on contract supply.
• Inspection. Independent third-party inspection available at loading when the contract requires it.
• Related fluoronitrobenzenes. Other fluoronitroaromatic isomers alongside this product from one supplier.

How ordering works

• Send the enquiry. Purity, isomer-purity grade, quantity, destination port and the Incoterm you buy on.
• We quote. Price, lead time, packing format and a sample COA, normally within one working day.
• Qualify the supply. For first orders or pharma-grade applications, we share the analysis so your technical team can sign off before you commit.
• Confirm the order. Proforma invoice issued; payment terms agreed against the volume and the relationship.
• Allocation and QC. Material allocated and released against a batch-specific COA, with an independent inspection where the contract calls for it.
• Ship and document. Packed, labelled and loaded with the full export document set, and tracked through to arrival.

Related Fluoronitrobenzene & Fluoroaniline Intermediates