Para Nitro Aniline 4-Nitroaniline · CAS 100-01-6

What is Para Nitro Aniline?

Para Nitro Aniline, also known as 4-nitroaniline, is a benzene ring carrying a nitro group at the 4-position relative to a primary amine group, formula C₆H₆N₂O₂. It is supplied as yellow to brown crystals, powder or flakes.

Its value as an intermediate comes from the amine group being available for diazotisation while the nitro group holds a fixed, strongly electron-withdrawing position on the ring — a combination that makes it the standard diazo component behind a wide family of azo dyes sold under "Fast Red" and similar trade names.

Commercially it is produced by the ammonolysis of para-nitrochlorobenzene, reacting it with ammonia under pressure to replace the chlorine with an amine group.

Handling follows standard precautions for a nitroaniline — chemical-resistant gloves and eye protection, dust control and adequate ventilation, and storage away from incompatible materials such as strong oxidisers and strong acids.

Why Para Nitro Aniline specifically

• A specific nitro-amine relationship. The para (4-) substitution pattern gives reactivity distinct from the ortho- and meta-nitroaniline isomers.
• Leading azo-dye diazo component. Diazotised and coupled to build a wide family of red azo dyes and pigments.
• Rubber & pharma building block. A starting material for rubber-antioxidant and pharmaceutical intermediate routes needing a para-nitroaniline.
• Distinct from ortho- and meta-isomers. The reactivity, colour and melting behaviour differ enough from 2-nitroaniline and 3-nitroaniline that they are not interchangeable in most syntheses.

How Para Nitro Aniline is Manufactured

Para Nitro Aniline is most commonly produced by the ammonolysis of para-nitrochlorobenzene, in which the chlorine atom is displaced by ammonia under pressure and heat.

• Ammonolysis. para-Nitrochlorobenzene is reacted with ammonia under controlled pressure and temperature, displacing the chlorine.
• Workup. The crude aniline is separated from unreacted ammonia and by-products.
• Purification. The product is purified by crystallisation to the target assay and colour specification.
• Quality release and packing. Assay, melting point and colour are confirmed against specification before the batch is packed and released.

Typical Commercial Specification

Figures below are representative of commercial-grade Para Nitro Aniline. Tell us your downstream route and the grade you need, and we will advise on the specification to order against.

Physical & Chemical Properties

Behaviour in the process

Para Nitro Aniline's reactivity pattern is what dye, rubber-chemical and pharma intermediate producers are buying:

• Diazotisation. The free amine is diazotised and coupled with a range of coupling components to build azo dyes.
• Nitro-group reduction. The nitro group can be reduced to build para-phenylenediamine for rubber-antioxidant and related chemistry.
• Thermal stability. Stable under normal storage conditions away from strong oxidisers and strong acids.

Para Nitro Aniline and Related Nitroaromatics

Choosing between nitroaniline isomers, or between a nitroaniline and a chloroaniline, comes down to the position of the substituent and which functional group the target synthesis needs.

Stated plainly: a dye route built around the para-nitroaniline diazo pattern needs this specific isomer — the ortho- and meta-nitroaniline isomers have different reactivity and are not drop-in substitutes.

Industries We Supply Para Nitro Aniline To

The same nitroaniline isomer feeds a dye-intermediate manufacturer, a rubber-chemical producer and a pharmaceutical intermediate producer. What changes is the downstream functionalisation chemistry and the documentation each requires.

Where Para Nitro Aniline is Used

In downstream functionalisation

Para Nitro Aniline's free amine is carried through diazotisation and coupling chemistry to build the target azo dye, while its nitro group can be reduced separately for rubber-chemical or pharma intermediate routes. The para-nitro position gives reactivity distinct from the ortho- and meta-isomers, which is often exactly why a route is designed around this material specifically.

Quality Control & Testing

Every lot is released against a batch-specific Certificate of Analysis, with colour and isomer purity reported alongside the main assay because ortho- and meta-nitroaniline carryover and off-colour material both affect downstream dye shade.

• Para Nitro Aniline content — by GC/HPLC assay, the primary grade measure.
• Isomer purity — ortho- and meta-nitroaniline carryover, reported because it affects downstream chemistry.
• Colour — reported because it is a critical quality parameter for dye-intermediate applications.

Common Process Problems & Likely Causes

Packaging, Storage & Shipping

• Standard packing. HDPE bags or fibre drums, typically 25 – 200 kg net, with larger bulk formats on contract supply.
• Moisture protection. Keep containers tightly sealed and store in a dry area, as the material is moisture-sensitive.
• Temperature control. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sun, heat and ignition sources.
• Material compatibility. Avoid contact with strong oxidisers and strong acids.
• Transport classification. Commonly shipped under UN 1661 (Nitroanilines), Class 6.1, Packing Group II — confirm the correct entry and packing group against your own current SDS before shipping.

Hazards & Safe Handling

Para Nitro Aniline is toxic if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled, and may cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure. Standard precautions for a nitroaniline and good laboratory and plant practice apply throughout handling.

• Skin and eye contact. Chemical-resistant gloves and goggles are standard practice for nitroanilines; rinse thoroughly with water on contact.
• Inhalation. Use adequate ventilation and dust control when handling, given the material's toxicity and fine-powder form.
• PPE. Chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles and, where dust exposure is a concern, a suitable respirator.
• Environment. Harmful to aquatic life; avoid uncontrolled release to water and follow local effluent rules.

Regulatory & Compliance Notes

Para Nitro Aniline is a registered specialty nitroaniline. Because obligations differ by territory and use, the notes below are orientation rather than legal advice.

• GHS classification. Classified as toxic if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled, and harmful to aquatic life (Signal word: Danger); the SDS carries the full hazard statements for your grade.
• REACH and chemical inventories. Registered under EU REACH and listed on major chemical inventories.
• Dangerous goods transport. Commonly shipped under UN 1661 (Nitroanilines), Class 6.1, Packing Group II. Confirm the correct entry and packing group with your logistics/EHS team against your current SDS before shipping.
• HS code. Commonly declared under the aromatic amine derivatives heading; confirm the exact tariff line with your customs broker for your jurisdiction.

We Supply Para Nitro Aniline Worldwide

Chelora Chemicals is a supplier and export partner, not a single-plant trader. We ship Para Nitro Aniline from India and from partner sources to customers across Asia, Europe, the Middle East, Africa, and North and South America, handling the export documentation and freight so the material arrives ready to use.

• Incoterms. EXW, FOB, CIF, CFR and DAP quoted to suit your purchasing terms and freight arrangements.
• Ports. Regular shipments through Nhava Sheva (JNPT) and Mundra, with other ports arranged as routing allows.
• Documentation. Commercial invoice, packing list, certificate of origin, COA and SDS issued as a complete set.
• Flexible volumes. From trial quantities up to repeat bulk shipments on a supply contract.

Buying Para Nitro Aniline from Chelora

We are an independent sourcing and supply partner. For this product that means settling three things at enquiry: the purity and colour grade your application needs, the packing format, and the quantity you are buying.

• Documentation on every lot. Batch-specific COA with assay, isomer breakdown and colour grade, plus the current SDS.
• Analysis before commitment. Representative analysis shared ahead of a commercial order so your lab can qualify the material.
• Quantities. Trial quantities through to larger bulk shipments on contract supply.
• Inspection. Independent third-party inspection available at loading when the contract requires it.
• Related nitroaromatics. Para Nitro Toluene, ortho-nitroaniline and other nitroaromatic isomers alongside this product from one supplier.

How ordering works

• Send the enquiry. Purity, colour grade, quantity, destination port and the Incoterm you buy on.
• We quote. Price, lead time, packing format and a sample COA, normally within one working day.
• Qualify the supply. For first orders or dye-grade applications, we share the analysis so your technical team can sign off before you commit.
• Confirm the order. Proforma invoice issued; payment terms agreed against the volume and the relationship.
• Ship and document. Packed, labelled and loaded with the full export document set, and tracked through to arrival.

Related Dye & Nitroaromatic Intermediates